The term "sadism" has its origin in the name of the Marquis de Sade (1740–1814), who not only practised sexual sadism, but also wrote novels about these practices, of which the best known is Justine. The two words incorporated into this compound, "sadism" and "masochism", were originally derived from the names of two authors. The word sadomasochism is a portmanteau of the words sadism ( / ˈ s eɪ d ɪ z əm/) and masochism. Portrait of Marquis de Sade by Charles-Amédée-Philippe van Loo (1761) Similarly, sexual sadism within the context of mutual consent, generally known under the heading BDSM, is distinguished from non-consensual acts of sexual violence or aggression. Sadomasochism is not considered a clinical paraphilia unless such practices lead to clinically significant distress or impairment for a diagnosis. The abbreviation S&M is commonly used for Sadomasochism (or Sadism & Masochism), although the initialisms S-M, SM, or S/M are also used, particularly by practitioners. While the terms sadist and masochist refer respectively to one who enjoys giving and receiving pain, some practitioners of sadomasochism may switch between activity and passivity. Practitioners of sadomasochism may seek sexual pleasure from their acts.
Sadomasochism ( / ˌ s eɪ d oʊ ˈ m æ s ə k ɪ z əm/ SAY-doh- MASS-ə-kiz-əm) is the giving and receiving of pleasure from acts involving the receipt or infliction of pain or humiliation. A female dominant with a male submissive at her feet, from Dresseuses d'Hommes (1931) by Belgian artist Luc Lafnet
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